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Welcome to our section for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
and related technologies (OFDM, VOFDM, COFDM, ...)
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Green Society and Information and Communications Technologies: Comparative Analysis, Applications and Markets The environmental impact of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) under the banner of “Green ICT” has started being discussed by academia, media, industry and government. Currently, 3 %4% of the worldwide energy is consumed by the ICT infrastructure (approximately, 1.5%2% by wireless), which causes about 2 % of the worldwide CO2 emissions (which is comparable to the worldwide CO2 emissions by airplanes or one quarter of the worldwide CO2 emissions by cars). If this energy consumption is doubled every five years, serious problems may arise. Therefore, lowering energy consumption of ICT systems is demanding greater attention for many companies, the electricity expense from powering ICT systems is greater than that of the actual hardware over the equipment’s useful life.
The industry already takes this issue seriously. For example, the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions has published three standards used to determine telecommunication equipment’s energy efficiency. The standards introduce the Telecommunications Energy Efficiency Ratio, or “TEER,” as a measure of networkelement efficiency. The standards provide a comprehensive methodology for measuring and reporting energy consumption, and uniformly quantify a network component’s ratio of “work performed” to energy consumed.
This report concentrates on recent advances in the development of power consumption conscious ICT, including:
- The IEEE 2030 standard
- The IEEE 802.3az standard
- ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 technology
- UWB technology
- Bluetooth technology
- The IEEE 802.11 standards.
The analysis of selected technologies, their specifics, markets and applications as well as the status of the industry is included.
The report also analyzes the status of selfpowered techniques for WICT together with their applications, market and vendors’ activity.Published By: Practel, Inc.
Date Published: Jan 2011 * * * * * * Smart Grid: Role of ICT in Building Automation and Control This report addresses a wide spectrum of issues surrounding integration of building automation and control (BA&C) into the Smart Grid. The report concerns only ICT technologies and markets that support such integration, making a “smart” building a reality and bringing multiple benefits for tenants, building owners and society altogether - currently, buildings and homes consume more than 75% of electrical energy in the U.S.; a “green” building can reduce significantly this number.
Particular, the report addresses technological and marketing details of:
- Smart Grid development
- Wireless Sensor Networks - BA&C heart
- Self-powered WSN that allow supporting maintenance-free networks
ICT and related markets:
- KNX
- ZigBee
- Z-Wave
- IEEE 802.11
- IEEE 802,15,1
- UWB
- HomePlug C&C
- Distributed Antenna System.
The report shows that buildings must be brought to the Smart Grid standards; commercial and industrial buildings are major consumers of the energy. ICTs utilization in the building environment supports the progress towards greener consumption; more than that, they even making possible to use building sources (such as batteries, generators, etc.) to be a part of the Smart Grid.
Published By: Practel, Inc.
Date Published: Jan 2011 * * * * * *
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